Back to Basics: Getting Started with Small Livestock

269

On this podcast episode, Harold and Rachel continue the series on getting back to basics with getting started with small livestock. They discuss a variety of livestock like chickens, rabbits, quail, ducks, and more.

Modern Homesteading Podcast Episode 269

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Have you ever dreamed of stepping into your backyard and gathering fresh eggs for breakfast? Or perhaps you’ve considered raising rabbits or quail to supplement your family’s protein needs. Small livestock can be a fantastic starting point for anyone looking to become more self-sufficient and deepen their connection to their food sources. In this post, we’ll walk through the basics of choosing, housing, and caring for small livestock, and help you decide which species might be right for your homestead—no matter how big or small your space might be.


1. Introduction

Small livestock are an invaluable addition to any homestead or backyard farm. They offer a manageable way to produce fresh eggs, meat, compost materials, and even pest control. For many homesteaders, these animals become a gateway to increased self-sufficiency, promoting a deeper understanding of sustainable living and ethical food production.

Key benefits of raising small livestock include:

  • A consistent supply of fresh, homegrown eggs, meat, or honey.
  • The creation of rich compost material (manure) for your garden.
  • The enjoyment of a rewarding hobby that teaches responsibility and self-reliance.

As we explore the different options—chickens, rabbits, quail, ducks, and more—you’ll begin to see how small livestock can fit into your life, whether you’re in a sprawling rural setting or a cozy suburban backyard.


2. Why Start with Small Livestock?

Starting with small livestock is an excellent first step because it involves:

  1. Low Cost & Space Requirements
    Unlike cows or goats, small livestock like chickens or quail can thrive in compact spaces. This makes them a viable option even if you have only a modest backyard or a small plot of land.
  2. Lower Financial Risk
    The initial investment for small livestock—including purchasing animals, building housing, and buying feed—is typically more affordable compared to larger animals. If you find it’s not for you, the cost of exit is far lower.
  3. Easier Care Compared to Larger Animals
    Smaller species require less feed, less space, and less day-to-day management. They’re also easier to handle physically if you need to move them or clean their living areas.
  4. Flexibility
    Chickens or quail in a backyard? Rabbits in a suburban garage? It’s more feasible than you might think. Small livestock can adapt well to different environments—urban, suburban, or rural—as long as local regulations allow.
  5. Diverse Benefits
    Beyond just eggs or meat, you’ll gain manure that enriches your garden soil and possibly even pest control (ducks and chickens love snacking on bugs).

3. Choosing the Right Livestock for You

Before bringing home any animals, consider these factors:

  1. Space Availability
    Take accurate measurements of your yard, garage, or designated animal area. Each species has different housing requirements, and overcrowding can lead to health problems.
  2. Local Regulations and Ordinances
    Even if you have a large backyard, make sure to check your city or county rules regarding livestock. Some places limit the number of chickens allowed, while others may have noise restrictions that could affect roosters or ducks.
  3. Goals: Eggs, Meat, Manure, or a Mix
    Are you primarily interested in fresh eggs? Quick meat production? Perhaps you want manure for gardening, or to teach your kids about animal husbandry. Clarifying your goals will help narrow your choices.
  4. Time Commitment
    All animals require daily care and attention. If you travel frequently or have a very busy schedule, low-maintenance options like quail might suit you better than ducks, which require more extensive water setups.

Here’s a quick comparison of popular small livestock options, focusing on their space needs, benefits, and challenges:

AnimalSpace NeedsMain BenefitsPotential Challenges
ChickensModerateEggs, meat, manureNoise (roosters), local ordinances
RabbitsSmallMeat, manureBreeding considerations
QuailVery smallEggs, meat, minimal noiseKeeping a stable breeding stock
DucksModerate (need water source)Large eggs, pest controlRequire water access, can be messy

4. Overview of Common Small Livestock

Chickens

  • Ideal for beginners: Chickens are hardy, adaptable, and have a relatively straightforward learning curve.
  • Egg and meat production: Different breeds excel at laying eggs or producing meat, so do your research based on your primary goal.
  • Housing and care: A basic coop with a secure run, quality feed (layer feed for egg-laying hens), and clean water will meet their needs. Provide nesting boxes and roosts for comfortable living.

Rabbits

  • Compact and quiet: Rabbits are an excellent choice if you have neighbors close by or noise restrictions.
  • Meat production and manure: Rabbit meat is lean and nutritious. Their manure is a “cold” manure, meaning it can be applied directly to gardens without composting first.
  • Housing and breeding tips: Hutches can be built indoors or outdoors, but ensure they’re protected from extreme temperatures and predators. If you plan to breed rabbits, learn about responsible breeding and manage your stock carefully.

Quail

  • High egg production in small spaces: A small group of quail can supply a surprising number of eggs each week.
  • Fast-growing for meat: Quail mature quickly, which means you can harvest meat in just a few weeks if you choose meat-oriented breeds.
  • Minimal noise and care needs: Quail are relatively quiet compared to roosters and require minimal space. A simple aviary or stacked cages in a garage can suffice.

Ducks

  • Great for pest control and large eggs: Ducks love slugs and snails, which makes them ideal for integrated pest management in gardens.
  • Housing considerations: They need access to water for cleaning and mating, so a small pond or a kiddie pool is beneficial. Ducks can be messier than chickens, so keep their environment dry and clean.

Other Options

  • Guinea Pigs (Cuy): In some cultures, guinea pigs are raised for meat. They don’t require much space and can be an interesting alternative.
  • Pigeons (Squab): Pigeons require lofts or specialized housing. Squab meat is considered a delicacy in certain cuisines.
  • Bees: While not “livestock” in the traditional sense, bees provide honey and pollination services. They do require specialized knowledge and protective gear, but can be highly rewarding.

5. Setting Up for Success

Housing

Whether you choose chickens, rabbits, or quail, adequate housing is crucial. Coops, hutches, pens, or aviaries should provide enough space, proper ventilation, and security from predators. Design housing with ease of cleaning in mind to maintain good sanitation.

Feeding and Nutrition

Each species has specific dietary needs. Chickens often thrive on commercial layer or grower feed supplemented with kitchen scraps and scratch grains. Rabbits require a balance of pellets, hay, and fresh vegetables. Quail do well on game bird feed. Make sure fresh water is available at all times.

Health and Hygiene

To prevent disease, keep housing clean and dry. Regularly remove manure and soiled bedding. Perform routine checks for parasites like mites or fleas. Quarantine any new or sick animals to prevent spreading illnesses.

Predators and Security

Common predators include raccoons, foxes, hawks, and neighborhood dogs or cats. Use secure latches and hardware cloth instead of chicken wire, as many predators can tear through weak materials. Elevate hutches and coops to deter rodents.


6. Learning Through Experience

Starting with a few animals allows you to learn what works best in your environment. Experiment with different breeds, track egg production or growth rates, and adjust your methods.

  • Join local or online communities: Forums or social media groups dedicated to homesteading and small livestock can be a goldmine of advice.
  • Keep records: Note feed consumption, production stats, and any health issues. These insights will help you refine your approach, ensuring happy, healthy animals.

7. Legal and Ethical Considerations

Before you invest in coops, hutches, or animals:

  • Check local laws: Some neighborhoods have ordinances restricting the number of birds or the presence of roosters. Others may prohibit certain species altogether.
  • Ensure humane treatment: Provide sufficient space, enrichments (such as perches and dust baths for chickens), and a clean environment.
  • Neighborhood harmony: Keep smells down by cleaning regularly, and manage noise issues proactively (e.g., no roosters if your neighbors are sensitive to crowing).

8. Challenges and Solutions

  • Predators: Protect your animals with sturdy enclosures, motion-sensor lights, and secure fencing.
  • Waste Management: Compost manure and bedding to create rich fertilizer for your garden. Proper composting reduces odors and flies.
  • Setbacks like Illness or Low Production: Learn basic veterinary care or have a local vet on call. Adjust diets, check for parasites, and ensure housing is comfortable to maintain good health and production rates.

9. Conclusion

Raising small livestock is an incredibly rewarding journey that offers fresh food, a closer connection with nature, and a tangible step toward self-sufficiency. Whether you have a tiny urban lot or a large rural property, there’s likely a species that fits your space, schedule, and goals. Start small, learn from the process, and you’ll soon be enjoying farm-fresh eggs or tender home-raised meat in no time.

Call-to-action: Research your local regulations, pick one species to start with, and take the first step on your homesteading journey. You’ll be amazed at how quickly your confidence grows and how rewarding it is to care for your own small flock or herd.


10. Additional Resources

To deepen your knowledge and get more detailed guidance, check out these recommended books and online communities:

Additionally:

  • Local Extension Offices or Workshops: Many universities run agricultural extension programs with workshops or free publications on small livestock care.
  • Online Communities: Search for local Facebook groups or homesteading forums.
  • The Chicken Chick: A popular blog featuring practical tips on caring for chickens in backyard settings.

Feel free to explore these resources as you plan and embark on your small livestock journey. Raising these animals can be a joyful, educational, and sustainable way to provide for yourself and your family—so don’t hesitate, take that first step and see where it leads you!

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Authors

  • 1721521489 bpfull

    Author, blogger, podcaster, homesteading and permaculture enthusiast. I have a passion for sharing what I learn and helping others on their journey. If you're looking for me, you'll usually find me in the garden.

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  • Rachel Header 1

    An aspiring permaculturist and urban homesteader who loves to teach and inspire others to grow where they are planted.

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